Chemistry International
Bookshelf
Chemistry
in . . .
Africa
Provides links to IUPAC articles dealing with chemistry on the continent,
as well as links to related websites.
Argentina
In attempting to weave the tale of chemistry in Argentina, the main
problem is the choice of an adequate frame of reference. Of the many
possibilities, this author favors a historical approach; because science
and technology are essentially historical processes, it seems to be
the most appropriate choice. Therefore, this tale is divided into periods
of varying length of time that the author hopes will give a clear picture of
how chemistry activities today in Argentina came into being.
Chem. Int. 22(4), 2000
Brazil
This article surveys the birth and development of the chemical community
in Brazil over the last 50 years. Chemistry in Brazil has had its ups
and downs over the years. The institutionalization of chemistry took
considerable time and still is irregular, depending in part upon the
whims of the government at any given time. Brazilian chemistry is at
the threshold of a new age that will differ greatly from the previous
half-century.
Chem. Int. 21(6), 1999
Chile
This article surveys the history of chemistry in Chile as well as the
current general aspects of research, human resources, graduate programs,
and the main features of the Chilean Chemical Society.
Chem. Int. 22(5), 2000
Cuba
In Cuba, chemistry has played a key role since the nineteenth century.
The first Cuban scientific society, Sociedad Económica de
Amigos del País (Economic Society of Country Friends), established
in 1793, aimed to contribute to the social and economic development
of the country through the application of scientific knowledge; it is
the oldest Cuban scientific society still active today.
Chem. Int. 21(2), 1999
Czech
Republic
Czechoslovakia has been a member of the International
Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) since
1920, shortly after its foundation. The representatives of Czechoslovakia
have always been significant participants in Union activity.
Chem. Int. 20(3), 1998
Egypt
Chemistry has been practiced in Egypt since the time of the Pharaohs.
Then, the practice of chemistry was limited to priests and aimed at
serving kings and rulers of the country. The practice of chemistry on
a broader scale and the teaching of chemistry in Egypt are relatively
recent phenomena.
Chem. Int. 23(4), 2001
Poland
The beginnings of modern chemistry in Poland are connected with a great
educational reform that was introduced by the Royal Commission of Education.
That institution, which was founded in 1773, was in fact the first ministry
of education in Europe. Under its auspices, the chairs of chemistry
and natural history were established in 1782 at what was then known
as Cracow University (now called Jagiellonian University).
Chem. Int. 20(5), 1998
Slovenia
Slovenias geographic and demographic area has witnessed an extraordinarily
rich development of chemical knowledge, education, industry, and use
of chemicals and chemical products, mainly because the region that is
now Slovenia has been, throughout history, an active crossroads of different
economic paths, interests, areas, specific features, and problems.
Chem. Int. 22(3), 2000
Uruguay
In Uruguay, professional studies of pharmacy and chemistry started
in the late 19th century at the Instituto de Quimica of the faculty
of medicine. In 1929 these courses were combined with those of industrial
chemistry (now chemical engineering) of the National Petroleum Company,
and the new Facultad de Quimica y Farmacia (now Facultad de Quimica)
was established. In the late 1970s the chemical engineering department
moved to the Facultad de Ingenieria and became less chemistry oriented.
Chem. Int. 24(6), 2002