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Pure Appl. Chem., 1988, Vol. 60, No. 11, pp. 1627-1634

http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac198860111627

Superbases for organic synthesis

M. Schlosser

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  • Unkelbach Christian, O'Shea Donal F., Strohmann Carsten: Zur Metallierung von Benzol und Toluol durch die Schlosser-Base: ein superbasischer Li2 K4 -Cluster unter Beteiligung von PhK, PhLi und t BuOLi. Angew. Chem. 2014, 126, 563. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.201306884>
  • Unkelbach Christian, O'Shea Donal F., Strohmann Carsten: Insights into the Metalation of Benzene and Toluene by Schlosser’s Base: A Superbasic Cluster Comprising PhK, PhLi, and t BuOLi. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2014, 53, 553. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201306884>
  • Njua Edmond Y., Otang Mathew E., Stahl Lothar: Group 1 cyclopentadienide/group 1,14-tert-butoxide adducts: Ion exchange and coordination polymer formation. Polyhedron 2014, 70, 101. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.poly.2013.12.020>
  • Dayaker Gandrath, Sreeshailam Aare, Ramana D. Venkata, Chevallier Floris, Roisnel Thierry, Komagawa Shinsuke, Takita Ryo, Uchiyama Masanobu, Krishna Palakodety Radha, Mongin Florence: Diastereoselective deprotonative metalation of chiral ferrocene derived acetals and esters using mixed lithium–cadmium and lithium–zinc combinations. Tetrahedron 2014, 70, 2102. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tet.2014.02.010>
  • Creutz Sidney E., Peters Jonas C.: Catalytic Reduction of N2 to NH3 by an Fe–N2 Complex Featuring a C-Atom Anchor. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2014, 136, 1105. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja4114962>
  • Weaver Marisa G., Bai Wen-Ju, Jackson Stephen K., Pettus Thomas R. R.: Diels–Alder Construction of Regiodifferentiated meta-Amino Phenols and Derivatives. Org. Lett. 2014, 16, 1294. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ol4034447>
  • Lin Xinglong, Ye Xincui, Sun Xianwei, Zhang Yuebao, Gao Lu, Song Zhenlei: [1,5]-Anion Relay via Intramolecular Proton Transfer To Generate 3,3-Bis(silyl) Allyloxy Lithium: A Useful Scaffold for Syn-Addition to Aldehydes and Ketones. Org. Lett. 2014, 16, 1084. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ol4036402>
  • Lochmann Lubomír, Janata Miroslav: 50 years of superbases made from organolithium compounds and heavier alkali metal alkoxides. cent.eur.j.chem. 2014, 12, 537. <http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11532-014-0528-0>
  • Lichtenberg Crispin, Okuda Jun: Strukturell definierte Allylverbindungen der Hauptgruppenmetalle: Koordination und Reaktivität. Angew. Chem. 2013, 125, 5336. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.201208942>
  • Lichtenberg Crispin, Okuda Jun: Structurally Defined Allyl Compounds of Main Group Metals: Coordination and Reactivity. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2013, 52, 5228. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201208942>
  • Clinet Adrien, Chaignaud Mathilde, Clinet Jean-Claude, Dunach Elisabet: Synthesis and odour evaluation of alcohols bearing a cis -1,2-dimethyl norbornane moiety. Flavour Fragr. J. 2013, 28, 53. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ffj.3127>
  • Harrison-Marchand Anne, Mongin Florence: Mixed AggregAte (MAA): A Single Concept for All Dipolar Organometallic Aggregates. 1. Structural Data. Chem. Rev. 2013, 113, 7470. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cr300295w>
  • Mongin Florence, Harrison-Marchand Anne: Mixed AggregAte (MAA): A Single Concept for All Dipolar Organometallic Aggregates. 2. Syntheses and Reactivities of Homo/HeteroMAAs. Chem. Rev. 2013, 113, 7563. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cr3002966>
  • Armstrong David R., Davidson Matthew G., Garcia-Vivo Daniel, Kennedy Alan R., Mulvey Robert E., Robertson Stuart D.: Monomerizing Alkali-Metal 3,5-Dimethylbenzyl Salts with Tris(N, N-dimethyl-2-aminoethyl)amine (Me6TREN): Structural and Bonding Implications. Inorg. Chem. 2013, 52, 12023. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic401777x>
  • Sajid Muhammad, Kehr Gerald, Wiegand Thomas, Eckert Hellmut, Schwickert Christian, Pöttgen Rainer, Cardenas Allan Jay P., Warren Timothy H., Fröhlich Roland, Daniliuc Constantin G., Erker Gerhard: Noninteracting, Vicinal Frustrated P/B-Lewis Pair at the Norbornane Framework: Synthesis, Characterization, and Reactions. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2013, 135, 8882. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja400338e>
  • John Jeremy M., Takebayashi Satoshi, Dabral Nupur, Miskolzie Mark, Bergens Steven H.: Base-Catalyzed Bifunctional Addition to Amides and Imides at Low Temperature. A New Pathway for Carbonyl Hydrogenation. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2013, 135, 8578. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja401294q>
  • Volbeda Jeroen, Daniliuc Constantin G., Jones Peter G., Tamm Matthias: Half-Open Ferrocenes and Ruthenocenes Containing an Edge-Bridged Open Indenyl Ligand. Organometallics 2013, 32, 5918. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/om400485a>
  • Garden Jennifer A., Armstrong David R., Clegg William, García-Alvarez Joaquin, Hevia Eva, Kennedy Alan R., Mulvey Robert E., Robertson Stuart D., Russo Luca: Donor-Activated Lithiation and Sodiation of Trifluoromethylbenzene: Structural, Spectroscopic, and Theoretical Insights. Organometallics 2013, 32, 5481. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/om4007664>
  • Melen Rebecca L.: Applications and reactivity trends of homoleptic p-block metal amido reagents. Dalton Trans. 2013, 42, 16449. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3dt52472h>
  • Tilly David, Magolan Jakob, Mortier Jacques: Directed Remote Aromatic Metalations: Mechanisms and Driving Forces. Chemistry A European Journal 2012, 18, 3804. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.201103920>
  • Häußermann Achim, Rominger Frank, Straub Bernd F.: CO2 on a Tightrope: Stabilization, Room-Temperature Decarboxylation, and Sodium-Induced Carboxylate Migration. Chem. Eur. J. 2012, 18, 14174. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.201202298>
  • Srikrishna A., Gowri V., Khattab Sherine N., Subir��s-Funosas Ramon, El-Faham Ayman, Albericio Fernando, Nagaradja Elisabeth, Chevallier Floris, Roisnel Thierry, Jouikov Viatcheslav, Mongin Florence: Enantiospecific total synthesis of 15-hydroxy-5-(methoxymethoxy)crinipellin-9-one. Tetrahedron 2012, 68, 3046. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tet.2012.02.019>
  • Song Tao, Liu Lei, Zhao Jingwei, Jiang Huiling, Zhu Shizheng, Xu Liangzhong: Reactions of 4-ethoxy-1,1,1-trifluorobut-3-en-2-one with diethyl malonate anion: synthesis and crystal structures of fluorinated organo alkali–metal complexes. Tetrahedron 2012, 68, 5677. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tet.2012.04.029>
  • Faigl Ferenc, Kovács Ervin, Turczel Gábor, Szöllősy Áron, Mordini Alessandro, Balázs László, Holczbauer Tamás, Czugler Mátyás: Novel stereoselective synthesis of 1,2,3-trisubstituted azetidines. Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 2012, 23, 1607. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tetasy.2012.10.014>
  • Unkelbach Christian, Rosenbaum Hannah S., Strohmann Carsten: Direct benzylic metalation of a phenethylamine derivative: potassium as the key to both generation and stabilization of a “labile anion”. Chem. Commun. 2012, 48, 10612. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2cc35888c>
  • Torvisco Ana, Ruhlandt-Senge Karin: s-Block Organometallics: Analysis of Ion-Association and Noncovalent Interactions on Structure and Function in Benzyl-Based Compounds. Inrog Chem 2011, 50, 12223. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic201148d>
  • Jochmann Phillip, Maslek Stefanie, Spaniol Thomas P., Okuda Jun: Allyl Calcium Compounds: Synthesis and Structure of Bis(η3-1-alkenyl)calcium. Organomet 2011, 30, 1991. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/om200012k>
  • Bergamini Giacomo, Ceroni Paola, Fabbrizi Pierangelo, Cicchi Stefano: A multichromophoric dendrimer: from synthesis to energy up-conversion in a rigid matrix. Chem Commn 2011, 47, 12780. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c1cc16000a>
  • Westerhausen Matthias, Langer Jens, Krieck Sven, Glock Carsten: Calcium-based organometallics and superbases – alkyl-, aryl-, and amidocalcium compounds. REVIC 2011, 31, 143. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/REVIC.2011.009>
  • Yuan Yu, Thomé Isabelle, Kim Seok Hwan, Chen Duanteng, Beyer Astrid, Bonnamour Julien, Zuidema Erik, Chang Sukbok, Bolm Carsten: Dimethyl Sulfoxide/Potassium Hydroxide: A Superbase for the Transition Metal-Free Preparation of Cross-Coupling Products. Adv Synth Catal 2010, 352, 2892. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adsc.201000575>
  • Snégaroff Katia, Komagawa Shinsuke, Chevallier Floris, Gros Philippe C., Golhen Stéphane, Roisnel Thierry, Uchiyama Masanobu, Mongin Florence: Deprotonative Metalation of Substituted Benzenes and Heteroaromatics Using Amino/Alkyl Mixed Lithium-Zinc Combinations. Chemistry - A European Journal 2010, 16, 8191. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.201000543>
  • Dayaker Gandrath, Chevallier Floris, Gros Philippe C., Mongin Florence: Deprotonative metalation of substituted aromatics using mixed lithium–cobalt combinations. Tetrahedron 2010, 66, 8904. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tet.2010.09.053>
  • Dostál Radim, Londesborough Michael G. S., Kvíčalová Magdalena, Macháček Jan, Císařová Ivana, Janoušek Zbyněk: Incremental iodination of the eight-vertex closo monocarborane anion [closo-1-CB7H8]–: Preparation and characterization of [closo-1-CB7H5-6,7,8-I3]– and [closo-1-CB7H2-2,3,4,6,7,8-I6]–, and the synthesis of the first eight-vertex C-methylated carborane anion [1-CH3-closo-1-CB7H4-6,7,8-I3]–. Collect Czech Chem Commun 2010, 75, 931. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc2010068>
  • Mikami Koichi, Fujita Kumiko, Wakabayashi Kazuki, Ito Shigekazu: [2,3] Wittig Rearrangement of β’-Hydroxyethyl Bis-Allylic Ethers: Highly Regiospecific Entry to Singly Dehydroxylated 19-Nor-1(or 3),25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3. HETEROCYCLES 2010, 82, 1163. <http://dx.doi.org/10.3987/COM-10-S(E)111>
  • Armstrong David R., García-Álvarez Joaquín, Graham David V., Honeyman Gordon W., Hevia Eva, Kennedy Alan R., Mulvey Robert E.: Synthetic and Structural Insights into the Zincation of Toluene: Direct Synergic Ring Metallation versus Indirect Nonsynergic Lateral Metallation. Chem. Eur. J. 2009, 15, 3800. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.200801928>
  • Gessner Viktoria H., Däschlein Christian, Strohmann Carsten: Structure Formation Principles and Reactivity of Organolithium Compounds. Chem Eur J 2009, 15, 3320. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.200900041>
  • Snégaroff Katia, L'Helgoual'ch Jean-Martial, Bentabed-Ababsa Ghenia, Nguyen Tan Tai, Chevallier Floris, Yonehara Mitsuhiro, Uchiyama Masanobu, Derdour Aïcha, Mongin Florence: Deprotonative Metalation of Functionalized Aromatics Using Mixed Lithium-Cadmium, Lithium-Indium, and Lithium-Zinc Species. Chem Eur J 2009, 15, 10280. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.200901432>
  • Nandi Partha, Dye James L., Jackson James E.: Reductive amine deallyl- and debenzylation with alkali metal in Silica Gel (M-SG). Tetrahetron Lett 2009, 50, 3864. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.04.058>
  • Nguyen Tan Tai, Chevallier Floris, Jouikov Viatcheslav, Mongin Florence: New Gilman-type lithium cuprate from a copper(II) salt: synthesis and deprotonative cupration of aromatics. Tetrahetron Lett 2009, 50, 6787. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.09.100>
  • Guzei Ilia A., Stahl Shannon S., Scarborough Christopher C.: Synthesis and isolation of a stable, axially-chiral seven-membered N-heterocyclic carbene. Dalton Trans 2009, 2284. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b902460c>
  • Wei Xuehong, Dong Qingchen, Tong Hongbo, Chao Jianbin, Liu Diansheng, Lappert Michael F.: Heterotrimetallic Salts: Synthesis, Structures, and Superbase Reactivity of Crystallinetert-Butoxides [Li4Na2K2(OtBu)8(μ-L)]n. Angew Chem 2008, 120, 4040. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.200705268>
  • Wei Xuehong, Dong Qingchen, Tong Hongbo, Chao Jianbin, Liu Diansheng, Lappert Michael F.: Heterotrimetallic Salts: Synthesis, Structures, and Superbase Reactivity of Crystalline tert-Butoxides [Li4Na2K2(OtBu)8(μ-L)]n . Angew Chem Int Ed 2008, 47, 3976. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.200705268>
  • Kerr William J., Watson Allan J. B., Hayes Douglas: In situ generation of Mes2Mg as a non-nucleophilic carbon-centred base reagent for the efficient one-pot conversion of ketones to silyl enol ethers. Org Biomol Chem 2008, 6, 1238. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b802082e>
  • Chase Preston A., Lutz Martin, Spek Anthony L., Gossage Robert A., van Koten Gerard: Solid-state and solution structures of hetero-aggregates formed between nBuLi and NCN pincer aryl lithium. Dalton Trans 2008, 5783. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b805092a>
  • Mulvey Robert E., Mongin Florence, Uchiyama Masanobu, Kondo Yoshinori: Deprotonierende Metallierungen mit 'at-Verbindungen: Synergie, Synthese und Strukturaufbau. Angew Chem 2007, 119, 3876. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.200604369>
  • Mulvey Robert E., Mongin Florence, Uchiyama Masanobu, Kondo Yoshinori: Deprotonative Metalation Using Ate Compounds: Synergy, Synthesis, and Structure Building. Angew Chem Int Ed 2007, 46, 3802. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.200604369>
  • Alexander Jacob S., Allis Damian G., Teng Weijie, Ruhlandt-Senge Karin: Alkali Metal Diphenylmethanides: Synthetic, Computational and Structural Studies. Chem Eur J 2007, 13, 9899. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.200700763>
  • Schlosser Manfred, Mongin Florence: Pyridine elaboration through organometallic intermediates: regiochemical control and completeness. Chem Soc Rev 2007, 36, 1161. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b706241a>
  • Hinago Tomoko, Teshima Nana, Kenmoku Satoko, Kamata Tiyako, Terauchi Nahoko, Chiba Nao, Satoh Chikako, Nakamura Aya, Asaoka Morio: “contra-Michael” Addition of Alkyllithiums to Silicon- and Phenyl-substituted α,β-Unsaturated Amides in the Presence of t-BuOK. Chem Lett 2007, 36, 54. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1246/cl.2007.54>
  • Evans Paul, Johnson Paul, Taylor Richard J. K.: The Epoxy-Ramberg–Bäcklund Reaction (ERBR): A Sulfone-Based Method for the Synthesis of Allylic Alcohols. Eur J Org Chem 2006, 2006, 1740. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ejoc.200500956>
  • Mazal Ctibor, Škarka Ondřej, Kaleta Jiří, Michl Josef: cis-endo-Bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane-1,2,3,4- tetracarboxylic Acid and Its Derivatives. Org Lett 2006, 8, 749. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ol053039n>
  • Asadi Ashrafolmolouk, Avent Anthony G., Coles Martyn P., Eaborn Colin, Hitchcock Peter B., David Smith J.: Synthesis and crystal structures of organometallic compounds containing the ligands C(SiMe3)2(SiMe2H) and C(SiMe2Ph)2(SiMe2H). J Organomet Chem 2004, 689, 1238. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jorganchem.2004.01.019>
  • Toudic Frédéric, Turck Alain, Plé Nelly, Quéguiner Guy, Darabantu Mircea, Lequeux Thierry, Pommelet Jean Claude: Relative ortho-directing power of fluorine, chlorine and methoxy group for the metalation reaction in the diazine series. Diazines XXXV. J Heterocyclic Chem 2003, 40, 855. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhet.5570400517>
  • García Graciela V., Nudelman Norma Sbarbati: TANDEM REACTIONS INVOLVING ORGANOLITHIUM REAGENTS. A REVIEW. Org Prep Proced Int 2003, 35, 445. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00304940309355860>
  • Halasa A.F, Hsu W.L: Synthesis of high vinyl elastomers via mixed organolithium and sodium alkoxide in the presence of polar modifier. Poly 2002, 43, 7111. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0032-3861(02)00451-2>
  • Micha-Screttas Maria, Screttas Constantinos G, Steele Barry R, Heropoulos Georgios A: Chemical and physical evidence for metal–metal interchange between lithium alkoxides and di-n-butylmagnesium. Tetrahetron Lett 2002, 43, 4871. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4039(02)00841-9>
  • Miyasato Masataka, Minoura Mao, Yamamoto Yohsuke, Akiba Kin-ya: Novel Valence Expansion Reactions Using KC8: A New Route to Hexavalent Organotellurium Compounds from Divalent Tellurium. Chem Lett 2002, 288. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1246/cl.2002.288>
  • Rauchschwalbe Günter, Zellner Armin, Schlosser Manfred: The Organoalkali Route to Vitamin A and β-Carotene. Eur J Org Chem 2001, 2001, 3903. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1099-0690(200110)2001:20<3903::AID-EJOC3903>3.0.CO;2-R>
  • Hoffmann Reinhard W.: Wittig und sein Werk - über den 100. Geburtstag hinaus von Bedeutung. Angew Chem 2001, 113, 1457. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1521-3757(20010417)113:8<1457::AID-ANGE1457>3.0.CO;2-9>
  • MacLellan Jonathan G., Mulvey Robert E., Kennedy Alan R.: Landmark Crystal Structure of an Experimentally Utilized Tetralithium-Tetrapotassium Amide-Alkoxide Superbase. Angew Chem 2001, 113, 3345. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1521-3757(20010903)113:17<3345::AID-ANGE3345>3.0.CO;2-#>
  • Hoffmann Reinhard W.: Wittig and His Accomplishments: Still Relevant Beyond His 100th Birthday. Angew Chem Int Ed 2001, 40, 1411. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1521-3773(20010417)40:8<1411::AID-ANIE1411>3.0.CO;2-U>
  • Kennedy Alan R., MacLellan Jonathan G., Mulvey Robert E.: Landmark Crystal Structure of an Experimentally Utilized Tetralithium-Tetrapotassium Amide-Alkoxide Superbase. Angew Chem Int Ed 2001, 40, 3245. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1521-3773(20010903)40:17<3245::AID-ANIE3245>3.0.CO;2-3>
  • Cabiddu M.G, Cabiddu S, Cadoni E, Cannas R, De Montis S, Fattuoni C, Melis S: Metallation reactions XXVII. J Organomet Chem 2001, 620, 263. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-328X(00)00806-8>
  • Mori Hajime, Matsuo Takafumi, Yoshioka Yasunori, Katsumura Shigeo: Vinyl hydrogen more reactive than benzyl hydrogen toward base in significantly twisted styrenes. Tetrahetron Lett 2001, 42, 3093. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4039(01)00308-2>
  • Schlosser Manfred, Zellner Armin: Two homoallyl/cyclopropylalkyl rearrangements accompanying a Wolff–Kishner type reduction. Tetrahetron Lett 2001, 42, 5863. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4039(01)01127-3>
  • Rodriguez Alain Louis, Koradin Christopher, Dohle Wolfgang, Knochel Paul: Vielseitige Indolsynthese durch eine Kalium- oder Caesiumbasen-vermittelte 5-endo-dig-Cyclisierung. Angew Chem 2000, 112, 2607. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1521-3757(20000717)112:14<2607::AID-ANGE2607>3.0.CO;2-I>
  • Kuck Dietmar: Thermochemische Daten organischer Ionen aus Untersuchungen in der mehr oder weniger „verdünnten” Gasphase. Angew Chem 2000, 112, 129. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1521-3757(20000103)112:1<129::AID-ANGE129>3.0.CO;2-V>
  • Picard Jean-Paul: Bis(trimethylsilyl)methylamine (BSMA): tool or toy?. Can J Chem 2000, 78, 1363. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v00-090>
  • Schlosser Manfred, Kotthaus Martina: Isopulegol as a Model Compound: Metalation and Substitution of an Allylic Position in the Presence of an Unprotected Hydroxy Function. Eur J Org Chem 1999, 1999, 459. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-0690(199902)1999:2<459::AID-EJOC459>3.0.CO;2-F>
  • Hackfort Thorsten, Neumann Beate, Stammler Hans-Georg, Kuck Dietmar: A Tandem Hexaannulation Reaction of Benzyllithium Involving Base-Induced Cyclodehydrogenation. Eur J Org Chem 1999, 1999, 2879. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-0690(199911)1999:11<2879::AID-EJOC2879>3.0.CO;2-Y>
  • Chen Chien-An, Lu Wei, Sih Charles J.: Synthesis of 9Z,11E-octadecadienoic and 10E,12Z-octadecadienoic acids, the major components of conjugated linoleic acid. Lipid 1999, 34, 879. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11745-999-0436-y>
  • Weston Jennie, Ahlbrecht Hubertus: Investigations on the structure of 1-dimethylaminoallylalkali compounds. Tetrahedron 1999, 55, 2289. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(99)00015-0>
  • Lee Adam Shih-Yuan, Wu Chen-Wen: Stannyl-oriented regioselective allylation and its application to the synthesis of silyl misoprostol. Tetrahedron 1999, 55, 12531. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(99)00743-7>
  • Margot Christian, Maccaroni Paola, Leroux Frédéric, Schlosser Manfred: α-Deprotonated allyl ethers: Conformational mobility and conformational preferences. Tetrahedron 1998, 54, 12853. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(98)00774-1>
  • Schlosser Manfred, Maccaroni Paola, Marzi Elena: The effect of an alkoxy group on the kinetic and thermodynamic acidity of benzene and toluene. Tetrahedron 1998, 54, 2763. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(98)83011-1>
  • Knölker Hans-Joachim, Baum Elke, Schmitt Oliver: Cycloadditions of allylsilanes, part 13. Lewis acid-promoted stereospecific [2+2] cycloaddition of crotylsilanes and methyl propynoate. Tetrahetron Lett 1998, 39, 7705. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4039(98)01678-5>
  • Shimizu Masaki, Inamasu Naoko, Nishihara Yasushi, Hiyama Tamejiro: Novel Cage Polycarbosilanes. Preparation and Characterization of Dodecamethyl-2,3,5,6,7,8-hexasilabicyclo[2.2.2]octane and Its Derivatives. Chem Lett 1998, 1145. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1246/cl.1998.1145>
  • Franzini Livia, Moret Etienne, Schlosser Manfred: Conformational Mobility and Preferences of Allyl-Type Organometallic Intermediates: Dodec-2-enylpotassium. Chem Ber 1997, 130, 83. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19971300113>
  • Moret Etienne, Franzini Livia, Schlosser Manfred: Hydroxy- and Carboxy-Substituted Allylsilanes: A Simple and Stereoselective Method of Preparation. Chem Ber 1997, 130, 335. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19971300306>
  • Cabiddu M.G., Cabiddu S., Cadoni E., Corrias R., Fattuoni C., Floris C., Melis S.: Metallation reactions XXII. J Organomet Chem 1997, 531, 125. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-328X(96)06877-5>
  • Bildstein Benno, Hradsky Andreas, Kopacka Holger, Malleier Richard, Ongania Karl-Hans: Functionalized pentamethylferrocenes: Synthesis, structure, and electrochemistry. J Organomet Chem 1997, 540, 127. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-328X(97)00133-2>
  • Nakahira Hiroyuki, Sunagawa Makoto: Synthesis of new β-hydroxychalcones: Pongapinone A and ponganone II. Tetrahetron Lett 1997, 38, 4443. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4039(97)00927-1>
  • Liu Yunqi, Glass Richard S.: Direct deprotonation of aliphatic sulfides. Tetrahetron Lett 1997, 38, 8615. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4039(97)10313-6>
  • Haag Rainer, Schröder Detlef, Zywietz Tosja, Jiao Haijun, Schwarz Helmut, Schleyer Paul von Ragué, de Meijere Armin: Das lange nicht faßbare Acepentalen – experimentelle und theoretische Belege für seine Existenz. Angew Chem 1996, 108, 1413. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.19961081209>
  • Mongin Florence, Schlosser Manfred: Regioselective ortho-lithiation of chloro and bromo substituted fluoroarenes. Tetrahetron Lett 1996, 37, 6551. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0040-4039(96)01398-6>
  • Haag Rainer, de Meijere Armin, Stalke Dietmar, Fleischer Roland: Dilithiumacepentalendiid: ein ungewöhnliches Dimer von Kontaktionen-Tripeln mit schalenförmigen Dianionen. Angew Chem 1995, 107, 1642. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.19951071338>
  • Tomooka Katsuhiko, Keong Ping-Huai, Nakai Takeshi: 1,4-Remote stereocontrol via asymmetric [2,3]-Wittig rearrangements. Tetrahetron Lett 1995, 36, 2789. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0040-4039(95)00397-U>
  • Olier-Reuchet Chantai, Aitken David J., Bucourt Robert, Husson Henri-Philippe: Synthesis of tamoxifen and 4-hydroxytamoxifen using super-base-metalated propylbenzene. Tetrahetron Lett 1995, 36, 8221. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0040-4039(95)01759-B>
  • Yu Chan-Mo, Jung Won-Hyuk, Choi Ha-Soon, Lee Jongho, Lee Jeon-Koo: Diastereoselective synthesis of highly functionalized tetrahydropyrans from the cyclic vinyl acetal with aldehydes mediated by lewis acid catalyst. Tetrahetron Lett 1995, 36, 8255. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0040-4039(95)01771-9>
  • Spitz Urs P., Eaton Philip E.: Brückenkopf-Funktionalisierung nicht enolisierbarer Ketone: erste präparativ nützliche Methoden. Angew Chem 1994, 106, 2263. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.19941062109>
  • Bucca Daniel, Gordon Bernard: Synthesis of α,α′-dipotassio-m-xylene and its use as a dianionic initiator. Polym Bull 1994, 33, 267. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00314262>
  • Bywater Stanley: Structure and mechanism in anionic polymerization. Prog Polym Sci 1994, 19, 287. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0079-6700(94)90008-6>
  • Shi Guo-qiang, Takagishi Sadahito, Schlosser Manfred: Metalated fluoropyridines and fluoroquinolines as reactive intermediates: new ways for their regioselective generation. Tetrahedron 1994, 50, 1129. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(01)80824-3>
  • My Thu Truong-Nguyen Thi, Togo Hideo, Schlosser Manfred: A fluoroisoprenylation sequence employing 2-fluoroalkenal derived azomethines as key intermediates: A stereocontrolled synthesis of 2-fluorogeraniol and 2-fluorofarnesol. Tetrahedron 1994, 50, 7827. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(01)85266-2>
  • Yanagisawa Akira, Nomura Nobuyoshi, Yamamoto Hisashi: Transition metal-catalyzed substitution reaction of allylic phosphates with Grignard reagents. Tetrahedron 1994, 50, 6017. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(01)90454-5>
  • Cabiddu Salvatore, Fattuoni Claudia, Floris Costantino, Melis Stefana, Serci Alessandro: Metallation reactions. XXI. Metallation of alkyl (alkylthio) benzenes by superbases versus organolithium compounds. Tetrahedron 1994, 50, 6037. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(01)90456-9>
  • Carstens Axel, Hoppe Dieter: Generation of a configurationally stable, enantioenriched α-oxy-α-methylbenzyllithium: Stereodivergence of its electrophilic substitution. Tetrahedron 1994, 50, 6097. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(01)90461-2>
  • Hayes Jerome F., Mitchell Michael B., Procter Garry: A novel and efficient synthesis of a tetra-substituted imidazole. Tetrahetron Lett 1994, 35, 273. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4039(00)76529-4>
  • Weiss Erwin: Strukturen alkalimetallorganischer und verwandter Verbindungen. Angew Chem 1993, 105, 1565. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.1761051102>
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  • Schlosser Manfred, Desponds Olivier, Lehmann Ruth, Moret Etienne, Rauchschwalbe Günter: Polar allyl type organometallics as key intermediates in regio- and stereocontrolled reactions: Conformational mobilities and preferences. Tetrahedron 1993, 49, 10175. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(01)80549-4>
  • Faigl Ferenc, Schlosser Manfred: N-phenylpyrrole: A kinetic, though not thermodynamic preference for dilithiation. Tetrahedron 1993, 49, 10271. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(01)80556-1>
  • Brown Herbert C., Phadke Avinash S., Bhat Narayan G.: Highly general synthesis of [E]- and [Z]-3-alkylsubstituted allylboronates via one-carbon homologation of stereospecific 1-alken-1-ylboronates. Tetrahetron Lett 1993, 34, 7845. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4039(00)61491-0>
  • Schlosser Manfred, Zhong Guo-fu: A shortcut to α-Santalol. Tetrahetron Lett 1993, 34, 5441. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4039(00)73929-3>
  • Tobe Yoshito, Jimbo Mamoru, Ishii Hideaki, Saiki Shinji, Kakiuchi Kiyomi, Naemura Koichiro: Regioselective metalation of [6]paracyclophane with a superbase. Tetrahetron Lett 1993, 34, 4969. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4039(00)74059-7>
  • Schleyer Paul von R., Kaneti Jose, Yun-Dong Wu, Chandrasekhar Jayaraman: The preference of 1-methylallyl polar organometallics and carbanions for cis rather than for trans geometries. J Organomet Chem 1992, 426, 143. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-328X(92)83041-F>
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  • Shi Guo-qiang, Cottens Sylvain, Shiba Sayed Ahmed, Manfred Schlosser: The diels-alder approach to musk odor type arenes. Tetrahed 1992, 48, 10569. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(01)88354-X>
  • Hafner Andreas, Duthaler Rudolf O., Marti Roger, Rihs Grety, Rothe-Streit Petra, Schwarzenbach Franz: Enantioselective syntheses with titanium carbohydrate complexes. Part 7. Enantioselective allyltitanation of aldehydes with cyclopentadienyldialkoxyallyltitanium complexes. S J Am Chem Soc 1992, 114, 2321. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00033a005>
  • Kotsuki Hiyoshizo, Miyazaki Aya, Ochi Masamitsu: A New Enantioselective Synthesis of the Aminodihydroisocoumarin Moiety of AI-77-B. Chem Lett 1992, 1255. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1246/cl.1992.1255>
  • Nemes Sándor, Borbély János, Borda Jenö, Kelen Tibor: Highly functionalized polystyrene by direct metalation—carboxylation. Polym Bull 1991, 27, 123. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00296020>
  • Guggisberg Yves, Faigl Ferenc, Schlosser Manfred: Optional ortho or alpha hydroxymethylation of alkylarenes. J Organomet Chem 1991, 415, 1. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-328X(91)83276-A>
  • Klusener P.A.A., Hommes H., Hanekamp J.C., van der Kerk A.C.H.T.M., Brandsma L.: Butyllithium-induced dimerization of pent-3-en-1-yne and related additions. J Organomet Chem 1991, 409, 67. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-328X(91)86132-A>
  • Moret Etienne, Desponds Olivier, Schlosser Manfred: 1,(ω - 1)-Dienes: solvent controlled unilateral or bilateral metalation. J Organomet Chem 1991, 409, 83. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-328X(91)86133-B>
  • Desponds Olivier, Schlosser Manfred: The preparation of pure allyl- and benzyl-type organoalkali intermediates via organotin compounds. J Organomet Chem 1991, 409, 93. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-328X(91)86134-C>
  • Lochmann Lubomír, Petránek Jaromír: More efficient metallation of alkylbenzenes by modified superbases from butyllithium and potassium alkoxides. Effect of alkoxide structure and concentration. Tetrahetron Lett 1991, 32, 1483. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0040-4039(91)80364-C>
  • Schlosser Manfred, Simig Gyula: 8-Methoxyisoquinoline derivatives through ortho-selective metalation of 2-(3-methoxyphenyl)ethylamine. Tetrahetron Lett 1991, 32, 1965. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0040-4039(91)85014-V>
  • Schlooser Manfred, Faigl Ferenc: Pyrrolobenzoxazepine ring construction through metalation and electrophilic substitution of N-(2-hydroxymethylphenyl)pyrrole. Tetrahedron 1991, 50, 2071. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(01)85069-9>
  • Klusener P.A.A., Tip L., Brandsma L.: On the direct metalation of isoprene. Tetrahedron 1991, 47, 2041. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(01)96114-9>
  • Rothen Laure, Schlosser Manfred: A one-pot synthesis of coumaryl, coniferyl and sinapyl alcohol. Tetrahetron Lett 1991, 32, 2475. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4039(00)74358-9>
  • Rama Rao AV, Chakraborty TK, Laxma Reddy K: Studies directed towards the synthesis of immunosuppressive agent FK-506 : Synthesis of the entire bottom-half. Tetrahetron Lett 1991, 32, 1251. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4039(00)92058-6>
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  • Faigl Ferenc, Schlosser Manfred: A one-pot synthesis of ibuprofene involving three consecutive steps of superbase metalation. Tetrahetron Lett 1991, 32, 3369. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4039(00)92708-4>
  • Matsumoto Takashi, Jona Hideki, Katsuki Miyoko, Suzuki Keisuke: Efficient method for introducing vineomycin-fridamycin-type side chain. Total synthesis of fridamycin E. Tetrahetron Lett 1991, 32, 5103. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4039(00)93439-7>
  • Blanchot Valérie, Hanna Issam: Lithiation of 2,6,6-1-[2-(1,4-Dioxenyl)]-1-Cyclohexene: An Unexpected Dioxene Ring-Cleavage. Synth Common 1991, 21, 563. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00397919108016784>
  • Marsch Michael, Harms Klaus, Lochmann Lubomir, Boche Gernot: [nBuLi·LiOtBu]4, Struktur einesn-Butyllithium-Lithium-tert-butoxid-Komplexes im Kristall. Angew Chem 1990, 102, 334. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.19901020333>
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  • Andringa H., Verkruijsse H.D., Brandsma L., Lochmann L.: Interaction of alkoxides XVIII. Utilitization of the complex base from alkyllithium and potassium alkoxides in the dimetallation of phenol, thiophenol, o-, m- and p-cresol. J Organomet Chem 1990, 393, 307. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-328X(90)85160-Z>
  • Mordini Alessandro, Ben Rayana Ezzedine, Margot Christian, Schlosser Manfred: Facile isomerization of oxiranes to allyl alcohols by mixed metal bases. Tetrahedron 1990, 46, 2401. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(01)82021-4>
  • Margot Christian, Rizzolio Michèle, Schlosser Manfred: 1,2-Elimination of alcohol from homoallyl ethers under the influence of mixed metal bases. Tetrahedron 1990, 46, 2411. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(01)82022-6>
  • Schlosser Manfred, Jung Hoon Choi, Takagishi Sadahito: Selective mono- or dimetalation of arenes by means of superbasic reagents. Tetrahedron 1990, 46, 5633. <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(01)87763-2>
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